Thursday, February 1, 2018

Blockchain Dispute Resolution?

In all the craze surrounding blockchain technology, it seems a means of automating dispute resolution processes so that parties could benefit from a platform using smart contracts has emerged. Reportedly, Kleros, a decentralized organization powered by the foundation of Ethereum blockchain could manage a decision protocol supporting a multipurpose system custom deployed into smart contract code to arbitrate disputes. Smart contracts built to integrate with Kleros would give parties with conflicts over terms of off-chain contract fulfillment an opportunity to have impartial jurors from across the globe weigh evidence, vote, and select a resolution to be carried out by the contract. Supposedly, evidence is kept private via a hash and asymmetrical encryption in order to protect the sensitive information of the users and provide a proof to the blockchain without revealing the data. Deciders must stake a native token to the platform, pinakion, which makes them eligible to vote on active disputes. Staking more pinakion increases the chances that a juror might be selected. Pinakions act as a metric of reputation and are a key to the Schelling game theoretical model driving the voting mechanism for jurors. The voting system works by having the jurors analyze the evidence of the case and commit their votes by submitting a hash of their vote and a secret value. The Kleros smart contract verifies values revealed and votes committed are unchangeable nor revealed in the application layer to other jurors or parties to prevent influencing the votes of other jurors. Under the system, jurors are to be compensated by fee schedules relative to the various parameters to be hammered into the smart contracts governing, so that both parties will be responsible for making a deposit which will cover the fee. In the case of appeals, the party who covers the fee will be decided by the arbitrable smart contract. The system is not designed to limit appeals, however each appeal increases the number of jurors necessary to conclude the case and thus causes the fee schedule to rise with each additional juror. In theory, although it would become expensive, someone could continue to appeal a case indefinitely, although the costs would ostensively outweigh the benefits. Kleros CEO, Federico Ast, gave an example at a recent TedX talk involving an airline passenger filing a complaint against an airline and two days later being emailed that a jury has ruled for issuing a free ticket. While this looks like another example of automation, he says the human element in this smart-contract resolution protocol is the key to the future of the justice system because it leverages the dynamics of the ancient Greek legal system, which used regular citizens instead of professional court officials. See more here-- http://bit.ly/2nmN8GP and http://bit.ly/2EtxmBo